Recipe 16.18. Catching Ctrl-C
Author: Tom Christiansen & Nathan Torkington
Date: 1999-07-02T01:44:12Z

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| Chapter 16 Process Management and Communication |

## 16.18. Catching Ctrl-C

### Problem

You want to intercept Ctrl-C, which would otherwise kill your whole program. You'd like to ignore it or run your own function when the signal is received.

### Solution

Set a handler for SIGINT. Set it to `"IGNORE"` to make Ctrl-C have no effect:

    $SIG{INT} = 'IGNORE';

Or, set it to a subroutine of your own devising to respond to Ctrl-C:

    $SIG{INT} = \&tsktsk;

    sub tsktsk {
        $SIG{INT} = \&tsktsk;           # See ``Writing A Signal Handler''
        warn "\aThe long habit of living indisposeth us for dying.\n";
    }

### Discussion

Ctrl-C isn't directly affecting your program. The terminal driver processing your keystrokes recognizes the Ctrl-C combination (or whatever you've set your terminal to recognize as the interrupt character), and sends a SIGINT to every process in the foreground process group (foreground job) for that terminal. The foreground job normally comprises all programs started from the shell on a single command line, plus any other programs run by those programs. See the section on ""Signals" in the Introduction to this chapter for details.

The interrupt character isn't the only special character interpreted by your terminal driver. Type `stty` `-a` to find out your current settings:

    % stty -a
    speed 9600 baud; 38 rows; 80 columns;
    lflags: icanon isig iexten echo echoe -echok echoke -echonl echoctl
           -echoprt -altwerase -noflsh -tostop -flusho pendin -nokerninfo
           -extproc
    iflags: -istrip icrnl -inlcr -igncr ixon -ixoff ixany imaxbel -ignbrk
            brkint -inpck -ignpar -parmrk
    oflags: opost onlcr oxtabs
    cflags: cread cs8 -parenb -parodd hupcl -clocal -cstopb -crtscts -dsrflow
            -dtrflow -mdmbuf
    cchars: discard = ^O; dsusp = ^Y; eof = ^D; eol = <undef;>
            eol2 = <undef; erase = ^H; intr = ^C; kill = ^U; lnext = ^V;>
            min = 1; quit = ^\; reprint = ^R; start = ^Q; status = <undef;>
            stop = ^S; susp = ^Z; time = 0; werase = ^W;

The last section, `cchars:`, is the list of special characters. Recipe 15.8 shows you how to change these from your script without calling the stty program.

### See Also

Your system's stty (1) manpage (if you have one); Recipe 15.8; Recipe 16.17

16.17. Writing a Signal Handler |  | 16.19. Avoiding Zombie Processes