Sports Gaming Digest (11-24-97)
Greetings Sports Gamers!
This week I managed to get several more files onto the website.
Most of these items are variant rule ideas or other projects
extracted from past digests. In the cases where the material was
submitted by someone other than myself I have included a "byline"
to give credit where it is due. If you don't want your name
mentioned for any reason just let me know.
I also advertised the digest and website on rec.games.board and
.marketplace newsgroups last week. We've added two more new
members. It seems that my promo messages don't last long there
but I will send posts periodically to advertise the digest. I'll
probably send a message to consim also.
The website is still very much "under construction" but I
encourage you to spread to word to sports gaming friends. It's
nice to see a sportsgaming website link added to the webgrognard
site, although the link misses the "overview" intro page. I am
planning to add more links within the website for convenience and
to other sites such as game companies.
This week, I've included a status report on my efforts to decode
the Statis Pro Football player cards (bad pun intended). It's
the last item.
Regards,
Jim Gordon
jgordon@library.berkeley.edu
http://www.geocities.com/Coloseeum/Stadium/2125
*********************************************************
From: Richard Guenther
Jim,
Some comments on my further playing of APBA Hockey (latest set of
cards):
I still love this game as much as I loved it my first few games I played. It's
fast and fun and produces pretty good statistics. I'm playing through the CO
Avalanche's season from last year, and I'm 15 games into it. So far I'm
9-4-2, which is, I believe, a game or two better than they were last year at
that point in the season. I'm scoring about 3 goals a game and giving up a
little under 2.
My only real concern with the game deals with the shot frequency and shot
accuracy of the players. The shot accuracy is basically from their % of
Goals/Shots on Goal, and the game is playing this out quite well. The shot
frequency, however, does not come out quite right. There seems to be much
less of a difference between players like Claude Lemieux, who should be
shooting a LOT, and players like Uwe Krupp, who should almost never
shoot. In the game, a lot of the shot selections seems to come right off of the
Forechecking chart (which is the basic chart that controls what happens in
the game), which seems to spread the shots all around, sometimes giving
defensemen like Krupp more shots than puck-hogging forwards. What this
does, in effect, is greatly increase the value of those players that, although
they hardly ever shot, were very accurate shooters. In the APBA game
shots get divided up more equally among ALL players, so someone with a
very low shot frequency rating, but with a HIGH shot accuracy rating, will
still get to shoot a bit and score more often.
Case in point: Joe Sakic. Sakic scores quite a few goals in a season, but he
also shoots a lot, too. In the APBA game, he doesn't get as many shots on
goal, and because his shot accuracy is a bit lower than average, he doesn't
score many goals. In the 14 games that he's played in my season, he's
scored only 2 goals. That's too low.
Assists, on the other hand, are figured differently, with almost all the
determining factors coming right off of the cards themselves (not the
forecheck chart), and these have been very realistic so far.
If anyone else has any suggestions or comments about this, please reply
about this. I'd guess this is a problem that really only occurs with the APBA
hockey game, as most basketball games will give the player much more
liberty as to who to pass to. In APBA Hockey, it's pretty random, and
passing itself is abstracted, so it's hard to comment on it in detail.
Note: this doesn't seem to be a MAJOR problem. Just something I wish
was a bit more accurate. Any ideas?
I've also noticed that injuries are very rare, as are rare plays. I know that
"rare" plays should be rare, but really the rare plays in this game are not that
off the wall. They're things you see in almost every hockey game, but I think
in 15 games I've only had to use the rare play chart 4 times.
All that aside, I have had some great games so far. I think I might be
addicted to this game, however. My other games are probably beginning to
feel a bit neglected :-(
Richard
*********************************************************
From: Lars Hellsten
Hi,
After many years our Statis-pro Football league has started again. It folded
when TAHGC decided to not put out any new player cards. At the time we had
20 coaches, and the whole thing was hard to run since a lot of members had
started studying at different places. I was in charge of the league then but
since I nowdays have 4 young children (oldest 5=BD)and lots of work I'm not
participating at all.
This other guy has created all the cards from last season via internet stats
and some books. MAJOR task!!!! They look exactly like the old players. The
League now has only 8 teams but will probably grow next year, although at a
slow pace. The guys were allowed to keep 7 of their old players and then
they had a draft to fill out the roster. The excitement was there as it had
been many years ago.
regards, Lars
*********************************************************
From: Mark Sheppard
I am hopefully about to reacquire Statis-Pro Baseball, and Statis-Pro
Basketball. Does anyone know of any good source for schedules for past
seasons in these sports on the internet, or some publication. Or do most
of you concot your own schedules for season play.
Just for information, the seasons I am about to acquire are 1986 for
baseball, and 1986-87 for basketball, but I will probably go beyond
that.
Another question, do any of you know where to find driver cards for
Avalon Hill's USAC Auto Racing? I currently own the 1979 cards, but
would like to find other years, preferably more recent.
Thanks to any assistance that can be offered.
Mark Sheppard
sheepherder@geocities.com
*********************************************************
Hi Jim,
I've been mostly out of the sports game arena for a while, but
in the past I've played almost everything: APBA, Strat-O-Matic,
Negamco, BLM, Pursue the Pennant, etc. My favorite sport is
baseball, but I've also played football, hockey, basketball, soccer,
track and field, cricket, auto racing, etc. I still have dozens of
games in my collection. I've tried a few computer games, but
I haven't seen any I liked -- I much prefer board games.
I'm interested in getting your regulr Monday digest.
Best wishes,
Michael Keller
*********************************************************
From: "roberto chiavini"
I'm interested in receiving news on sports games around the world. I write
from Italy. In particular I like soccer simulations and american
professional games (especially football and basketball).
*********************************************************
From: "Paul A. Van Etten"
Jim,
Haven't seen any other posts regarding 'reverse engineering' the player
formulas for SPFB. Is there any likelihood that information on how the
player numbers were generated might be forthcoming from AH since SPFB was
discontinued?
It's probably a herculean task (which may explain why it's only gotten
passing interest) made to order for the statisticians among us (which I
ain't).
PAVE
Fremont, CA
*********************************************************
STATIS PRO FOOTBALL PLAYER CARDS
I've been working on decoding the Statis Pro Football player
cards for a while, with some success. The game system evolved
several times under Avalon Hill's control from 1980 until the
demise of SPFB in the early 90s. For this study I used the 1957
player cards (produced in 1982) because they were the closest set
that I have to the earliest AH version of the game. It seemed
like a good starting place. A cursory examination of the 1982,
1986 and 1991 player charts shows a variety of basic changes
which require further investigation.
For now, I offer my preliminary findings with the caveats
that for every formula mentioned below, there are exceptions, and
there are numerous details which I cannot explain. With that in
mind, maybe these observations will be of interest.
PASSING CHART
Determine completion percentage, interception percentage, number
of sacks/yards lost
Total for each type of pass, COM + INC + INT = 48
Quick Pass
completion % + 8 (or 9) = Pass Number COM range
interception % x 0.25 (round up) = Pass Number INT range
Short Pass
completion % = Pass Number COM range
interception % * 0.5 (round up) = Pass Number INT range
Long Pass
completion % - 4/10 (most -6 or -8) = Pass Number COM range
interception % = Pass Number INT range
COM range starts and PN 1. INT range ends at PN 48. INC range
is the remaining pass numbers between the COM and INT ranges.
Pass Rush: SACK (1-4 to 1-20) + RUN = Pass Number 1-30
[I don't know how to determine the sack range/run range]
COM + INC = Pass Number 31-48
COM: divide completion percentage by 5, round up
e.g., (21%=3, 33%=3, 50%=10, 55%=11, 59%=12, 63%=13)
Percentage equivalent of Pass Numbers used for:
Passing Completion-Incompletion-Interception
Pass Rush Sacks-Runs-Completion-Incompletion
also: Extra Point, Field Goal Kicking
Pass Number range = Percentage of total
1-48 99-100% 1-36 74-75% 1-24 49-50% 1-12 24-25%
1-47 97-98% 1-35 72-73% 1-23 47-48% 1-11 22-23%
1-46 95-96% 1-34 70-71% 1-22 45-46% 1-10 20-21%
1-45 93-94% 1-33 68-69% 1-21 43-44% 1-9 18-19%
1-44 91-92% 1-32 66-67% 1-20 41-42% 1-8 16-17%
1-43 89-90% 1-31 64-65% 1-19 39-40% 1-7 14-15%
1-42 87-88% 1-30 61-63% 1-18 36-38% 1-6 11-13%
1-41 84-85% 1-29 59-60% 1-17 34-35% 1-5 9-10%
1-40 82-83% 1-28 57-58% 1-16 32-33% 1-4 7-8%
1-39 80-81% 1-27 55-56% 1-15 30-31% 1-3 5-6%
1-38 78-79% 1-26 53-54% 1-14 28-29% 1-2 3-4%
1-37 76-77% 1-25 51-52% 1-13 26-27% 1-1 1-2%
PLACEKICKING CHART
Extra Point: percentage of XP made equals successful range
Field Goal: percentage of FG made equals successful range for 26-
35 yard attempts
18-25 yards = pct made +5 pass numbers
26-35 yards = percentage made
36-45 yards = pct made -10 pass numbers
46-50 yards = pct made -20 pass numbers
51+ yards = only if made
Blocked: Pass Number 48, if any kicks were blocked
RUSHING CHART
The average yards per carry determines the distribution of
yardage results for Run Numbers 2-12. RN 1 is called Breakaway,
Short Gain or Long Gain depending on the year of the cards.
There are a few very strange entries, often for players who only
had a few rushing attempts.
Average per rush = Run Number distribution
Avg 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
9.0 11 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 -1
8.0 12 11 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0
7.0 12 11 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0
6.1 11 10 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -1
5.6 10 8 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 -1 -2
5.3 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 1 0 -1 -1
5.0 10 9 8 6 5 4 2 1 0 -1 -1
5.0 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 0 -1 -2
5.0 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2
4.9 10 9 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 -1 -1
4.8 10 8 7 6 4 4 2 1 0 -1 -1
4.8 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 -1 -1
4.7 9 8 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 -1 -1
4.6 9 8 6 6 5 4 2 1 0 -1 -2
4.5 9 8 7 6 5 3 2 1 0 -1 -1
4.5 6 5 4 4 3 2 0 0 0 -3 -3
4.4 9 8 7 6 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2
4.3 9 8 7 6 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2
4.2 9 7 6 5 4 3 2 2 0 -1 -2
4.2 9 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2
4.1 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2
4.0 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 0 -1 -2
3.9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 0 -1 -2
3.8 8 7 6 5 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2
3.7 8 7 6 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2
3.6 8 7 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2
3.5 8 7 6 5 3 2 1 0 -1 -1 -2
3.5 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2
3.4 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 0 -1 -2
3.4 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2
3.4 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -2
3.3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -2
3.2 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3
3.1 7 5 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -2
3.0 7 5 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3
3.0 6 5 4 4 3 2 0 0 -1 -2 -3
2.9 6 5 4 4 3 2 0 0 -1 -2 -3
2.8 6 5 4 3 2 0 0 0 -1 -2 -3
2.7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2 -3
2.6 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2 -3
2.5 5 4 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2 -3
2.2 5 4 3 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -2 -3
2.1 5 4 3 2 2 1 0 -1 -2 -2 -3
2.0 5 4 3 2 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4
1.8 4 3 3 2 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4
1.1 4 3 2 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5
-0.3 4 3 2 1 0 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5
RECEIVING CHART
In general, a receiver average yardage per catch is placed on the
Short Pass column, Run Number 6. The remainder of the Short pass
column is determined by using one of the distributions below
which includes the appropriate Run Number 6 result.
The Long Pass column (in the older charts) includes results which
are usually double the result in the Short Pass column. Locate a
Long Pass distribution which includes a RN6 with double the Short
Pass column result. Higher Run Numbers should be double the
Short Pass column results, with a minimum of 20 yards. Lower Run
Numbers follow the same pattern, although the distribution should
be extended to proportionately to include the longest gain as Run
Number 1.
Determining the Quick Pass column follows a similar pattern as
for the Long Pass. Locate a yardage distribution which where Run
Number 6 is one-half the yardage result on the Short Pass column
RN6.
The instances of blank Run Number results (see the distributions
toward the bottom of the Short ands Long Pass charts) coorepsond
to the total nubmer of catches by a player. I haven't determine
a specific pattern yet.
Short Pass yardage distribution
RN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22
30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19
29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15
25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14
24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8
18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7
17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 7
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 7 7
16 15 14 13 12 11 11 10 9 8 7 7
13 12 11 10 10 9 8 8 7 7 6 6
22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
18 17 16 15 14 13 12 10 9 8 7
17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21
18 17 16 15 14 12 11 10 9 8
16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7
28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7
14 13 12 11 10 9 7 7 7
24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8
14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7
35 34 33 32 31 30 29
19 18 17 16 15 14 13
13 12 11 10 9 8 7
13 12 11 10 8 7 7
31 30 29 28 27 26
24 23 22 21 20 19
12 11 10 9 8 7
28 26 24 22 20
20 19 15 12 11
15 14 13 12 11
12 11 10 9 8
17 16 15 14
13 12 11 10
25 21 20
Long Pass yardage distribution
RN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
68 64 62 60 58 56 54 52 50 48 46 44
83 71 61 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34
62 58 52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34
52 50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30
61 56 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28
53 51 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28
83 72 61 55 43 43 37 34 32 30 28 26
65 60 51 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26
50 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26
48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26
72 65 50 43 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24
51 46 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24
46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24
42 41 40 39 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24
68 54 47 41 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22
55 47 43 40 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22
44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22
40 38 35 34 32 31 30 29 28 26 24 22
40* 42 37 36 34 33 30 27 25 24 22 21
72 53 40 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
67 52 43 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
50 45 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
41 38 37 36 34 31 29 26 24 22 21 20
47 39 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 20
42 40 37 34 33 30 27 25 24 22 21 20
51 38 35 32 30 28 26 24 22 20 20 20
70 58 43 36 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
41 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
40 38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
43 40 37 33 31 30 27 24 22 20
42 40 35 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
38 36 34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
35 32 30 29 28 27 26 24 22 20
55 54 50 46 42 37 34 30 25
53 50 46 41 38 32 30 26 25
72 66 53 50 45 36 26 24
51 42 38 32 28 26 24 20
43 37 35 32 28 26 24 20
34 33 32 30 28 26 24 20
42 37 34 28 26 24 22 20
35 33 30 28 26 24 22 20
34 32 30 28 26 24 22 20
50 46 41 34 30 28 27
41 36 33 31 28 23 20
35 33 30 27 24 22 20
32 30 28 26 24 22 20
30 29 28 26 24 22 20
36 34 28 24 24 22 20
30 29 26 24 22 21 20
48 46 44 42 40 38
52 51 43 36 30 28
29 26 25 24 22 20
31 29 25 22 21 20
70 63 66 64 62
47 37 28 22 20
28 26 24 22 20
28 26 24 22 20
75 61 50 42
26 24 22 20
30 23 21 20
25 22 20 20
62 47 31
40 38 36
30 28 26
26 23 20
24 22 20
22 20
50
Quick Pass yardage distribution
RN 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11
16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10
15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 9
14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 9 9 8
14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 9 9 8
13 12 12 11 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7
12 12 11 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7
12 12 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6
12 11 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6
11 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6
11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5
11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5
10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 4
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1
9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4
9 9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 4 4 4
9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 3 3
9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3
9 8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 5 4 3
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2
8 8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3
8 7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3
7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2
7 7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 1
7 6 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1
7 6 6 5 5 4 3 3 2 2 2 1
6 6 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 3 2 2
6 6 5 5 4 3 3 2 2 2 1 0
6 6 5 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 1
6 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0
6 5 5 4 4 3 2 2 1 1 0 -1
OFFENSIVE LINE
Block rating: +3 +2 +1 0 -1 -2 -3
Pass Block rating: 0 1 2
Possible combinations used
3 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 -1 0 -2 0 -3 0
3 1 2 1 1 1 0 1 -1 1 -2 1 -3 1
3 2 2 2 1 2 0 2
[There is an approximate correlation between the total ratings
for the offensive linemen for the blocking categories totals and
team ranking for average yards per rush, yards per pass, and
sacks/yards lost per pass attempt.]
DEFENSIVE RATINGS
Tackle: -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Pass Rush: 3 2 1 0
Possible combinations used:
-2 3 -3 2
-3 1 -2 1 -1 1 0 1 1 1
-3 0 -2 0 -1 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0
[There is an approximate correlation between the total ratings
for the defensive linemen for the tackling and pass rush
categories totals and team ranking for average yards per rush,
yards per pass, and sacks/yards lost per pass attempt.]
Interceptions: The number of interceptions equals the number of
Pass Numbers covered by the INT range. Run Number 1 and 12
equals the longest return or a TD. Other yardage is distributed
for Run Numbers 2 to 11 with shortest distance (usually 0 yards)
in the middle numbers.
Pass defense: Unknown.
PUNTING
Determine the average punt yardage, longest punt, percentage of
punts returned and not returned. Assign the average punt yardage
to Run Number 6. For other Run Numbers, add or subtract yards
from the average. Assign Fair Catch to percentage of punts not
returned, beginning with RN 11 and lower. Assign Punt Return
number to remaining RN beginning with RN1 and higher, follow the
sequence PR1, PR2, PR3, PR4, PR1, PR2 etc. (The Punt Returns can
be assigned first, and the Fair Catches filled in the remaining
run numbers instead.)
Run Yardage Cumulative Percentage
Number Adding Down Adding Up
RN 01 Avg+10 9.09 % 100.00 %
RN 02 Avg+5 14.77 90.91
RN 03 Avg+4 20.45 85.23
RN 04 Avg+3 27.27 79.55
RN 05 Avg+2 40.91 72.73
RN 06 Average 53.41 59.09
RN 07 Avg-2 64.77 46.59
RN 08 Avg-3 72.72 35.23
RN 09 Avg-4 81.81 27.28
RN 10 Avg-9 90.90 18.19
RN 11 Avg-19 99.99 9.10
RN 12 Below
Below: RN 1 = Maximum distance
RN 2 = Blocked (if any punts were blocked)
remaining RN = penalty
KICKOFF and PUNT RETURNS
Determine the top 1, 2, 3 or 4 kickoff/punt returners, based on
the total number of KOR/PTR and the percentage by each returner.
Distribute the players in the KOR/PTR 1, 2, 3, 4 columns
determined by the number of kick returners included.
Returners: Distribution options
1: 1-4
2: 1-2, 3-4 1-3, 2-4 1-4, 2-3 1-2-3, 4 1-2-4, 3 1-3-4, 2
3: 1-2, 3, 4 1, 2-3, 4 1, 2, 3-4 1-3, 2, 4 1-4, 2, 3 1, 3, 2-4
4: 1 2 3 4
Kickoff Return Punt Return
RN 01 Avg + 18 Avg+8
*=TD *=max or TD
RN 02 Avg + 15 Avg+5
RN 03 Avg + 7 Avg+4
RN 04 Avg + 5 Avg+3
RN 05 Avg + 2 Avg+1
RN 06 Avg + 1 Average yardage
RN 07 Average yardage Avg-1
RN 08 Avg -2 Avg-2
RN 09 Avg -8 Avg-3
RN 10 Avg -10 Avg-4
RN 11 Avg -13 Avg-5
RN 12 Avg -15 +fumble Avg-6 +fumble
***********************************************************
END DIGEST 11-24-97
Return to Sports Gaming Digest
Contents Page
To receive the Sports Gaming Digest, contact Jim Gordon at
jgordon@library.berkeley.edu
This page hosted by 
Get your own Free Home Page