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Indian Classical music has traditionally been classified into Uttar Hindustani
Style and Karnataka Style.
Uttar Hindustani Style largely consisted of Dhrupad-Dhamar Gayaki. It is believed that Ustad Amir Khusru brought in new instruments, new Ragas, new style; and
concocted a new blend
of Classical music, called "Khayal Gayaki".
A performance in this style involves two compositions :
Bada Khayal
Chhota Khayal or Cheeje
Bada Khayal starts in a very slow tempo. It slowly develops the structure of
the Raga. Bada Khayal is
followed by Chhota Khayal, which is a composition in the same Raga, but in a faster tempo. Chhota Khayal can be compared to Allegro Vivaci
in Western Music.
Both these compositions are generally, poems with 4-8 lines. Most of these
poems are in Hindi Language, written by various poets, including Amir Khusru,
Sadarang, Adarang, Manarang etc.
Usually, a performer is accompanied by
A percaussion instrument : Like Tabla.
A Harmonium.
Some performers also use other instruments like Swaramandal, Sarangi and violin.
Most performers have one or two Tanpura's. A Tanpura (or Tambora) provides
a much necessary "Shadaja-Pancham" base to the singer.
Semi-classical Music
A variety of semi-classical forms are available, including Dadra, Thumri, Kajari,
Tappa. Gazal and Kawwali are also considered to be forms of Semi-classical music.
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