BODROGKERESZTUR:
US Commission No. 000012
Bodrogkeresztur is located in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen (48º10, 21º22), 63km
from Miskolc. Cemetery: N of village, on hilltop, land record 243.hrsz.
Town population is under 1,000, with no Jews.
- Local: Pogarmesteri Hivatal of Bodrogkeresztur Kossuth utca 85.
tel: 1.
- Regional: Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg, of Dob u.35, H-1075
Budapest Phone: (011-361) 132-4333 and Budapest Orthodox Tagozat.
- Caretaker: Nyaradi Istvan, Bodrogkeresztur, Felso ut. 62.
- Interested: R. Rubin of 1325-53rd St. Brooklyn NY 11219, Salamon
Rieder of 1617 54th Street Brooklyn NY 11204 and Steiner Saje's
grandson's wife.
The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 535. Living here
were Reb Eliazer London (first rabbi) between 1780 and 1796 and Reb
Steiner Saje (1851-1925). The Jewish cemetery was established in 1767.
The last known Jewish burial was 1979. The Jewish community was Baal-Sem
Hasidic Orthodox, Sephardic Orthodox, Conservative, Progressive/Reform,
and Neolog. The isolated rural agricultural crown of a hill has no sign,
but has Jewish symbols on gate or wall. Reached by turning directly off
a public road, access is open to all via a masonry wall with a locked
gate. Keyholder: Sperka Margit Bodrogkeresztur Kossuth ut. 58 of Kadas
Jozsene Bodrogkeresztur Kossuth ut. 65. Pre- and post-WWII size of
cemetery is 0.26 hectares. 100-500 gravestones, 1-20 not in original
location with 25-50% toppled or broken, date from 19th-20th centuries.
No mass graves. Within the cemetery is an ohel. The marble, limestone
and sandstone flat shaped stones, finely smoothed and inscribed stones
or flat stones with carved relief decoration have Hebrew, German ,and
Hungarian inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces.
The national Jewish community owns Jewish cemetery. Adjacent properties
are agricultural. The cemetery was vandalized occasionally in the last
ten years, but not since Jewish individuals and groups within Hungary
and Jewish individuals and groups abroad did restoration in 1980-91:
patching broken stones, cleared vegetation, and fixed wall and gate.
Jewish Congregation pays a regular caretaker (?). Weather erosion and
vandalism are serious threats. Vegetation is moderate threat.
Lowy Lajos of Tokaj, Ratkoczi ut 41 and Peter Wirth completed
survey and visited site on 10/29/91 using: Orban; Wirth; Zemplen
Zsidosaganak Tortenete. Other documentation was inaccessible
TARCAL (I): US Commission No. 000019
Located: Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48º08' 21º21', 45 km from Miskolc.
Cemetery is at Kereszturi ut. (Land record hrsz.245.)
- Responsible: Polgarmesteri Hivatal of Tarcal Fo ut 61, Budapesti
Orthodox Hitkozseg, of Dob u.35, H-1075 Budapest Phone: (011-361)
132-4333, Lowy Lajos of Tokaj Ralcoozi ut 41.
Established in the 18th century, the cemetery was used by Hasidic
Orthodox, Sephardic Orthodox, Conservative, Progressive/Reform, and
Neolog. The suburban isolated hillside has no marker but has a broken
masonry wall. Size before WWII and now: 0.27 hectares. 20-100 stones are
not in original location with 1-20 (25% to 50%) damaged. Location of
removed stones is unknown. Drainage is seasonal problem. Gravestones
date from 18th through 20th century with Hebrew inscriptions. No known
mass graves. Owner is national Jewish community and used as cemetery
only. Properties adjacent are agricultural, residential, Neolog cemetery
and dump. The same bounderies exist as in 1939. No maintenance or care.
There is an ohel. Serious threat: security, erosion. Peter Wirth
completed survey on 10/20/91 using: Wirth: "ltt van elrejtive". Site
survey: 04/10/91. Interview: Lowy Lajos, 04/10/9 at Tokaj.
TARCAL (II): US Commission No. 000020
Cemetery at Kereszturi ut. (land record hrsz.244.) Interested: Lowy
Jozsef of Israel, Bnei Brak Haadma Migur 9, Kubus Laszlo of Tarcal
Kereszturi ut 24. The last known burial in the 19th century Neolog
cemetery was before WWII. The isolated suburban hillside has no marker
and is surrounded by a broken masonry wall with locked gate. Key is held
by Kubus Laszlo. Size: 0.41 hectares. 20-100 stones exist with 1-20 not
in original location and 25%-50% stones damaged. Vegetation (prevents
access) and drainage seasonal problems. The 19th and 20th century stones
have with paint on surfaces and Hebrew and Hungarian inscriptions. No
known mass graves. The national Jewish community owns Orthodox cemetery.
Properties adjacent are agricultural (which reduced cemetery size since
1939). Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg pays caretaker. Development
(existing and planned) is very serious threat. Lowy Lajos of Tokaj,
Rakoozi ut 41 and Peter Wirth completed survey on 12/12/91 using: Wirth:
Itt van elrejlve. Site survey: 04/10/91 and 05/12/91.
TISZALKARAD: See Tokaj (I)
TOKAJ:
BOOK: Itt van Elrejive: Tokaj-Hegyaljai zsido temtok (Here lays: The
Jewish cemeteries in the region of Tokaj-Hegyaljai [Hungary}), by O.
Wirth. Budapest, 1988. 157 pages, chiefly illustrated, Hungarian.
S86B1637. Notes: inscription photographs (some readable), region Jewish
history, men index: 32 personal names (2: + family names), Women index:
20 personal names (2: + family names).
Source: Printed Books on Jewish cemeteries in the Jewish National and
University Library in Jerusalem: an annotated bibliography.
Jerusalem: The Israel Genealogical Society, 1997 by Mathilde Tagger
TOKAJ (I): US Commission No. 000021
Located in Borsod-Abauj-Zemplen at 48º07' 21º25', 30 km from
Nyiregyhaza. Cemetery is at Sziget (Island); Land record hrsz 605.
- Responsible for site: Polgarmesteri Hivatal of Tolcaj Rakoczi ut
48 ph: 41 52511, Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg, of Dob u.35, H-1075
Budapest Phone: (011- 361) 132-4333, Vatosvedo es Varosszepito
Egyesulet, Tolcaj, Lowry Lajos and Muzeum, Tokaj, Bethlen ter 7 of
Kocsa Andrasne.
- Key: Kocsa Andrasne, Tolcaj, Sziget.
Noteworthy Jews buried are David Schmoll and unknown builder of first
synagogue. Last known Hasidic Orthodox burial was 1925. Tiszalkarad and
Lowy (40km away) used the national monumument site, reg. no. 1468. The
isolated rural forest area by water has no marker. Cemetery, reached by
boat on river Bodrog, has broken masonry wall and locked gate, Size
before WWII was 0.30 hectares, now-0.28. 100-500 stones are in original
location with 20-100, not in original location. 25%-50% are damaged.
Drainage is a constant problem. Special sections exist for men, women
and rabbis. Oldest known stone is 1799-20th century. Inscriptions are
Hebrew, German and Hungarian. No known mass graves. Local Jewish
community owns site used for cemetery and residences. Adjacent property
is residential. Boundaries smaller than in 1939 because of floods.
Jewish survivors pay caretaker. Serious threat: Floods. Peter Wirth
completed survey on 11/20/91 using M.zS.L; Itt van elrejtve; Meir Sas:
Vanished Communities in Hungary. Site survey: 03/11/91.
Interview: Lowy Lajos at Tokaj, Rakoozi ut 41.
TOKAJ (II): US Commission No. 000022
Cemetery: Bodrogkereszturi ut 8. Present population is 1,000-5,000 with
less than 10 Jews.
- Local: Polgarmesteri Hivatal of Tokaj Rakoozi ut 48. ph: 41 52
511.
- Regional: Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg, of Dob u.35, H-1075
Budapest Phone: (011-361) 132-4333.
- Interested: Varosvedo es Varosszepito Egyesulet of Tokaj, Lowy
Lajos of Tokaj Rakoozi ut 41 and Muzeum of Tokaj Bethlen ter 7.
Dudovics Lajos, Lowy Lajos of Tokaj Rakoozi ut 41 and Muzeum of Tokaj
Bethlen ter 7. Gluck Miklos of Tokaj Rakoozi ut 23.
- Keyholder: Dudovics Lajos of Tokaj Bodrogkeresztum ut 8.
The pre-WWII Jewish population (census) was 959. First Rabbi was
Gabriel Jakob Szenditz (died 1868) and then Rabbi Schuck David (died
1899). The Jewish cemetery was established in 1871. Rabbis Schuck David,
Fanfeder and Strasser Akkiba are buried here. The last known Hasidic
Orthodox Jewish burial was 1991. No other towns used this isolated
suburban hillside site with a sign in Hungarian: "The Bestower." Reached
by turning directly off a public road, access is open to all via a
continuous masonry wall and locking gate. Pre- and post-WWII size of
cemetery is 0.34 hectares. 500-5000 gravestones, 1-20 not in original
location and less than 25% toppled or broken, date from 1871-20th
centuries. Vegetation overgrowth and water drainage are constant
problems. Special sections exist for men and women. The marble,
limestone and sandstone finely smoothed and inscribed stones or flat
stones with carved relief decoration, have Hebrew, German and Hungarian
inscriptions. Some have traces of painting on their surfaces. The
cemetery contains special memorial monuments to Holocaust victims. The
cemetery contains no known mass graves. Within the limits of the
cemetery are a pre-burial house, an ohel, and a well. The owner of the
still-active cemetery is the national Jewish community. Adjacent
properties are commercial/industrial, agricultural and residential.
Boundaries are unchanged since 1939. Occasionally, organized Jewish
group tours or pilgrimage groups, organized individual tours and private
visitors stop. Jewish individuals within Hungary and abroad re-erected
stones, patched broken stones, cleaned stones, cleared vegetation, and
fixed wall and gate in 1986. Budapesti Orthodox Hitkozseg pays the
regular caretaker. Weather erosion is very serious threat. Water run off
from hill is destroying graves. Lowy Lajos of Tokaj, Rakoozi ut 41 and
Peter Wirth completed the survey on 10/28/91 using Zelenak Istvan: Zsido
enileket Tokajbol; Wirth Peter: itt van elrejtve. They visited site on
28/10/91.
UPDATE: Alternate names: Tokay. Cemetery location: Botradkereztur
Street, Tokaj, in Bodrogko County? at 48º07' 21º25', about 50 km. ENE of
Miskolc. 1999 Jewish population is about 10. --Interested: Mr. Levi, who
has the cemetery key and can be contacted from the bar near the
synagogue.
The last known Orthodox Jewish burial was 1990/91. Nearby towns
used the cemetery. The suburban hillside, near a residential area, has
Jewish symbols on wall. Reached by turning directly off a public road,
access is open with permission. Vegetation overgrowth is minimal but a
few trees have grown large. Diane Goldman, 4977 Battery Lane, Bethesda
MD 20814 (dgoldman@erols.com)
visited the site on 2 August 1998 and completed the survey on 1 March
1999.
TOKAY: (Hungarian) see Tokaj |